Encouraging patronage of downtown merchants is more important than parking revenues
By Seth Richardson
Cities exist to facilitate commerce. Commerce does not exist to facilitate cities. This is worth remembering when contemplating any policy that inhibits patronage of downtown businesses.
Reports that the Downtown Partnership and the City Council are contemplating extending parking meter hours from 8 a.m. through 10 p.m. have raised the hackles of downtown business people, and rightfully so. Doing so will very likely impact downtown visits and harm the economic vitality of downtown.
The common fiction used to justify parking meters in the first place is that it is a way to encourage parking space turnover, which enhances patronage at businesses. So far so good, but like any slippery slope, parking meters have morphed from time clocks to revenue generators. In the good old days, the city posted a sign saying parking was limited to one hour, and a meter maid walked around chalking tires and writing citations for over-limit parking. As technology advanced, the parking meter came into being. Originally designed as a method of accounting for the time someone parked in a space, they cost a penny and you got the full legal amount of time for that space.
But very quickly the bean-counters at the budget department discovered that a lot of pennies add up, and if you up the rate, you can generate some real money. Last year the Colorado Springs Parking System received about $2.5 million in parking meter revenue alone.
Unlike most cities, where parking revenues go into the general fund, Colorado Springs turned the parking system an enterprise back in the 1970s, which means that it is self-supporting and funded by user fees rather than taxes. This allows the system to continue to improve parking so long as they can collect the revenue to do so, which is an entirely reasonable proposition. But it does depend on people coming downtown and using the parking system.
This system has advantages, but it also has disadvantages. The primary disadvantage is that user fees, while an attractive notion from the anti-tax perspective, can drive customers away from downtown to places where the extra expense and hassle of feeding a meter aren’t a consideration. That’s why malls don’t charge for parking. They don’t want to do anything to inhibit customer visits.
The Parking System needs to take a page from the private sector in this regard. Get the customer in the door, no matter what, because if they don’t come through the door, nobody makes a dime. If you have to recover the costs of access, then for pity’s sake recover them at the back end, don’t dissuade the customer from showing up in the first place. Charging for parking is like standing at the door of the shop and demanding a dollar to enter the store. Customers simply won’t put up with it, nor should they.
It costs about $244 in annual operating costs per on-street space, and those spaces are the highest revenue generators, generating about $1090 per space, or more than five times the operating expense. These meters are the cash cows for the Parking System, and comprise more than half of the $4.6 million in parking revenue collected. Off-street parking, which is mostly longer term, costs about $354 per space and generate about $756 each.
We have to distinguish between transient customer parking and long-term employee parking however, because there is a significant difference in use and utility. While user fees for employees don’t directly impact sales, user fees for consumers do. Raise the on-street and short-term parking rates too much and people will go elsewhere. This is a simple fact of human behavior. In this tight economy, anything that discourages people from patronizing downtown businesses must be eliminated.
If the intent is to facilitate patronage at downtown businesses by providing short-term parking, thereby increasing commerce and city tax revenues, which it should be, then it seems reasonable to provide those spaces at a subsidized price, to attract and encourage visitors and patrons to downtown. The revenue generation equation seems to be upside down at the moment. Let’s flip it on its head and make the long-term off-street parking significantly more expensive, and the short-term transient parking, both on and off-street, essentially free.
The justification for this shift is that decreases in patronage have a far greater effect on the economic viability of downtown than do increased costs for employee parking. The loss of a single ten-dollar sale because a customer doesn’t want to pay exorbitant parking fees far outweighs the loss of a dollar’s worth of parking revenue that can be made up by charging employees more. Moreover, increasing long-term parking rates will encourage downtown employees to leave their cars at home and take the bus to work, which will reduce traffic congestion downtown, making it even more inviting to consumers.
I suggest that on-street metered parking return to the paradigm of the past. You park, put in any coin from a penny to a quarter, whatever’s convenient for you depending on what you have in your pocket or purse, and you get the maximum allowable time for the space. The money you spend is merely to start the clock that meters your stay, not charge you rent for parking on a public street that you’ve already paid for through taxes.
If you overstay your time, you get a rather expensive ticket, which is what actually encourages parking space turnover, not the cost of feeding the meter. Off-street short-term parking of slightly longer duration should be paid for by the hour, as these spaces are more costly to obtain and maintain, but the costs should not be greater than they are now. Off-street long-term daily parking rates for employees should be raised to cover the loss of revenue from on-street and short-term customer parking.
Certainly employees will howl at this prospect, but it’s more reasonable that they pay some additional costs at the back end for the convenience of parking downtown, close to their workplace in return for more economic vitality at the front end for the businesses that provide them with jobs. And employers can always offer to subsidize the parking costs of their employees as a benefit if they can afford to do so.
On the other hand, if the businesses they work for fail because the downtown experience becomes uncompetitive and unpleasant for consumers, they won’t have a job at all.
The choice seems pretty obvious to me.
© 2009 Altnews
Pope Benedict: 1, The Lancet: 0
March 30th, 2009, 1:02 am by Seth RichardsonBritish medical journal The Lancet strikes out against the Pope, in more ways than one
By Seth Richardson
Last week The Lancet, a British medical journal, attacked Pope Benedict XVI for stating that HIV/AIDS in Africa “cannot be overcome by the distribution of condoms: on the contrary, they increase it.” In an editorial reply, the Lancet accused the Pope of putting Catholic ideology above the suffering of AIDS victims.
“Whether the Pope’s error was due to ignorance or a deliberate attempt to manipulate science to support Catholic ideology is unclear. … When any influential person, be it a religious or political leader, makes a false scientific statement that could be devastating to the health of millions of people, they should retract or correct the public record. Anything less from Pope Benedict would be an immense disservice to the public and health advocates, including many thousands of Catholics, who work tirelessly to try and prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS worldwide.”
The problem with The Lancet’s statement is that Pope Benedict is right, and they are wrong. The Pope did not make a false scientific statement. It is a scientific fact that a combined program of chastity, abstinence, monogamy, and condom availability has succeeded in reducing AIDS rates in Uganda dramatically. All the religion bashing on earth will not change the fact that the Pope was speaking the truth, and that he is supported by science.
The Lancet’s editorial excoriation was long on abuse and short on fact. The Lancet wrote, “But, by saying that condoms exacerbate the problem of HIV/AIDS, the Pope has publicly distorted scientific evidence to promote Catholic doctrine on this issue.
…
UNAIDS, the UN Population Fund, and WHO released an updated position statement on HIV prevention and condoms, which said that ‘the male latex condom is the single, most efficient, available technology to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV’.”
This statement is technically true but deliberately deceptive, and is thus a distortion on the part of The Lancet and the WHO. It is true that the condom is the single, most efficient, available technology to reduce the sexual transmission of HIV. But technology is not the only, or even axiomatically the best way to reduce HIV transmission, which is what Pope Benedict understands. Behavioral modification, combined with technology is demonstrably the best way to reduce HIV transmission.
Although condoms are presently the best technology available, that’s not saying much, because it merely means that science doesn’t have any better technological solutions than a method of birth control that was superseded by chemistry more than 30 years ago, and which eclipses the effectiveness of condoms for preventing pregnancy. Unfortunately, no better technological solution is available for HIV/AIDS. But that’s not the Pope’s fault, now is it?
Factually, condoms are not entirely effective at preventing the transmission of HIV/AIDS either, as is demonstrated by the 24 percent AIDS rates in Botswana. Condoms have a known failure rate of about 15 percent even under ideal conditions with an educated user fully committed to proper condom use one-hundred percent of the time. But condom use in Africa very rarely takes place under ideal conditions and condoms are often used improperly or not at all for a variety of reasons.
And then there’s the debacle of the WHO and other NGO’s supplying condoms that African men don’t like to use. Why? Because the standard condom is too small to fit many African penises. Also, cultural (read: behavioral) issues with sex and sex organs in Africa reduce condom usage. Then there’s reduced pleasure, unavailability at outlet points, cost, and other technical and social issues that reduce the effectiveness of condom-only programs, according to the International Conference on AIDS.
The fiction that the WHO and The Lancet wish to maintain, that condoms are the best hope for Africa, is exactly that, a fiction. Some speculate that it’s a conspiracy-based agenda driven by condom manufacturers and corrupt influences within the WHO and NGO’s, but that’s unlikely, though not impossible, because there is a lot of money involved in providing condoms to Africa, and money always corrupts.
The objection to the Pope’s statement indicates a significant anti-religious bias within the WHO and NGOs, as well as at The Lancet editorial board, which makes a point of attacking the Catholic church’s ethical stance by saying “‘Whether the Pope’s error was due to ignorance or a deliberate attempt to manipulate science to support Catholic ideology is unclear. But the comment still stands and the Vatican’s attempts to tweak the Pope’s words, further tampering with the truth, is not the way forward. When any influential person, be it a religious or political leader, makes a false scientific statement that could be devastating to the health of millions of people, they should retract or correct the public record.”
But that’s exactly what the Vatican’s head of media, Father Federico Lombari tried to do, as The Lancet itself says: “On the Holy See’s website, the Vatican’s head of media, Father Federico Lombari, quoted the Pope as having said that there was a “risk that condoms…might increase the problem”.”
This is a factually true statement, and is, as the Lancet calls for, a correction, not that the Pope needed to correct the factually true statement he originally made. It is true that the problem of HIV and AIDS cannot be overcome by the distribution of condoms alone, and that condom programs alone create a risk of exacerbating the situation. But the dogmatic “condoms are the best hope” contingent, which includes the WHO and The Lancet, will brook no criticism and will accept no evidence to the contrary, and certainly not from the Pope.
It is true that failing to address sexual behavior in Africa will increase the incidence of HIV transmission and AIDS despite condom usage by allowing an increase in the number of sexual encounters between infected and non-infected sexual partners outside of monogamous relationships. Pope Benedict was correct, merely supplying condoms does in fact constitute a risk of increasing the rates of AIDS over rates that could be achieved through societal sexual behavior modification combined with condom use, as has been demonstrated conclusively in Uganda.
© 2009 Altnews
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